Synthetic Marijuana: Risks, Side Effects, and Health Concerns

Marijuana remains the most widely used illicit drug in the U.S., and its popularity often leads individuals—especially young people—to seek alternatives that may seem more accessible or legally permissible.

Synthetic cannabis, or synthetic marijuana, has emerged as one such alternative. Marketed as a “safe” or “legal” substitute, synthetic cannabis quickly gained traction. However, the impact of SM can be especially harmful to young people, increasing the risk for mental health issues such as depression, anxiety, and psychosis.

The effects of synthetic marijuana are often more unpredictable and, in many cases, more dangerous than those of natural marijuana. Understanding the risks associated with its use is essential to preventing severe harm. Read on to learn more about its effects and health risks.

Table Of Contents:

• What Is Synthetic Marijuana?
• Types of Synthetic Weed
• Synthetic Marijuana Effects and Health Risks
• Synthetic Marijuana Withdrawal
• Synthetic Marijuana Addiction Treatment and Rehab
• Getting Help for Addiction Recovery
• People Also Ask

What Is Synthetic Marijuana?

Synthetic marijuana, also known as synthetic cannabinoids, refers to a lab-made new psychoactive substance (NPS) that mimics the effects of the active compounds in natural cannabis (THC).

These chemicals are often sprayed onto dried plant material, which can then be smoked, vaped, or ingested. Synthetic cannabinoids bind more strongly to cannabinoid receptors in the brain, particularly CB1 and CB2 receptors, which regulate functions like mood, memory, and pain.

This overactivation can lead to severe neurological and physiological effects, including extreme paranoia, hallucinations, psychosis, and even life-threatening symptoms such as seizures, heart attacks, or respiratory issues.

Types of Synthetic Weed

Synthetic cannabinoids come in various chemical structures and brands, with different types offering slightly varying effects and risks. It’s usually marketed under names like Spice, K2, Black Mamba, and Scooby Snax that we are explaining below:

What Is Spice Drug?

One of the earliest forms of synthetic marijuana, Spice drug is a generic term for synthetic cannabinoids sprayed onto plant material. It’s known for its unpredictable effects and is one of the most widely recognized types. This material can then be smoked, inhaled through vaping, or even consumed in tea.

What Is K2 Street Drug?

Another popular form of synthetic marijuana that is usually synonymous with Spice, K2, is known for its potency and is often associated with adverse health effects such as extreme paranoia, agitation, and even organ damage.

Black Mamba Drug

Marketed as an herbal product, Black Mamba is another brand of synthetic marijuana that contains highly potent synthetic cannabinoids. It has been linked to severe side effects, including violent behavior and psychotic episodes.

Scooby Snax

Often sold as “herbal incense” and labeled “not for human consumption” to evade regulation, Scooby Snax is known for its high potency and strong hallucinogenic effects. Like other types, it is commonly used as a cannabis alternative but has serious health risks.

Synthetic Marijuana Effects and Health Risks

The use of illicit synthetic cannabinoids is associated with severe health issues that can be life-threatening. The adverse effects of “fake weed” are often far more severe and unpredictable than those of natural marijuana.

Among adolescents, synthetic cannabinoid use is linked to a heightened risk of depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, conduct disorder, and even auditory hallucinations. While agitation is the most frequently reported adverse reaction, severe events are not uncommon—nearly 1 in 8 calls for “fake weed” consumption involve potentially life-threatening symptoms.

Synthetic marijuana can induce acute psychotic episodes that may last up to a month, with some cases leading to persistent psychotic symptoms.

Synthetic Marijuana Short-Term Side Effects

Synthetic cannabinoids may cause immediate effects that can be both physical and psychological, including:

• Extreme anxiety and paranoia
• Confusion and hallucinations
• Agitation and aggressive behavior
• Nausea and vomiting
• Intense headaches and dizziness
• Elevated heart rate and blood pressure
• Seizures and tremors

Some users report feeling detached from reality or experiencing “out-of-body” sensations, while others may undergo terrifying hallucinations or extreme paranoia. Due to the potency, the effects of synthetic cannabinoids may peak in 3 to 20 minutes, lasting from 3 – 5 hours to up to 24 hours.

Synthetic Marijuana Long-Term Side Effects

Long-term use of synthetic marijuana can result in severe mental and physical health issues, including:

• Persistent and prolonged psychotic symptoms such as paranoia, hallucinations, and delusions.
• Chronic use may increase the risk of depression, anxiety, and suicidal thoughts.
• Regular use can impair memory, concentration, and overall cognitive function.
• Synthetic cannabinoids are often associated with kidney and liver damage due to toxic additives.
• Synthetic marijuana can lead to addiction and dependency or withdrawal symptoms when use is stopped.

In high doses, the likelihood and severity of acute adverse effects from cannabis rise, particularly among inexperienced users. Toxic or organic psychosis may also occur in individuals with no prior history of severe mental illness. These issues typically subside within a week of discontinuing use.

Synthetic Marijuana Withdrawal

Withdrawal from synthetic marijuana can present a range of psychological and physical symptoms, varying in intensity depending on factors such as the duration of use, dosage, and individual susceptibility. Unlike natural cannabis, withdrawal from synthetic cannabinoids can be more severe and may require professional intervention.

Symptoms of withdrawal may include:

• Users often experience heightened anxiety, mood swings, and depressive symptoms.
• Increased irritability and agitation are common, making it difficult to manage stress.
• Difficulty falling or staying asleep, leading to fatigue and decreased cognitive function.
• Strong urges to use synthetic marijuana can occur, making it challenging to maintain abstinence.
• Some individuals may experience gastrointestinal distress, including nausea and vomiting.
• Increased sweating and tremors can occur, often leading to discomfort.
• Headaches or migraines.
• Users might experience fluctuations in appetite (cravings for food or loss of interest in eating)

The duration and severity of withdrawal symptoms can vary significantly. Generally, symptoms may begin within a few days after cessation of use and can last several days to weeks. In some cases, psychological symptoms, particularly anxiety and mood disturbances, may persist longer, sometimes leading to a protracted withdrawal syndrome.

Synthetic Marijuana Addiction Treatment and Rehab

Data shows that 10% of high school seniors reported using synthetic cannabinoids in the past year, with 3% using them frequently. Although overall, adolescent use of synthetic marijuana has declined over the last decade, its prevalence remains a concern.

For instance, the Monitoring the Future Study (MFS) reported a significant increase in synthetic cannabinoid use among high school seniors from 2021 to 2022. Treatment and rehab are crucial for prevention and recovery. Here’s an overview of effective treatment and rehabilitation strategies for individuals struggling with synthetic marijuana addiction.

Assessment and Diagnosis

Before embarking on a treatment plan, a thorough assessment by a qualified mental health professional is essential. This may involve a medical evaluation to learn about the patient’s health history, substance use patterns, and any co-occurring disorders.

Drug Detoxification

Drug detox is often the first step in treatment, focusing on safely managing withdrawal symptoms. This process may include medical support to ensure safety and comfort during withdrawal, and detox medications may be used to alleviate withdrawal symptoms such as anxiety, nausea, and insomnia.

Therapeutic Approaches

Once detox is complete, various therapeutic approaches can help individuals address the underlying issues related to their addiction. The most common therapy options include cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), which is effective in assisting individuals to identify and change negative thought patterns and behaviors associated with their substance use.

Motivational interviewing (MI) enhances an individual’s motivation to change and commit to recovery or dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) for individuals experiencing intense emotions or self-destructive behaviors, focusing on mindfulness and emotional regulation.

Support Groups

Participation in support groups, such as Narcotics Anonymous (NA) or other 12-step programs, can provide peer support and accountability. These groups offer a safe space for individuals to share their experiences and learn from others facing similar challenges.

Aftercare and Relapse Prevention

Aftercare is crucial for sustaining recovery and preventing relapse, providing individuals with long-term support as they transition into daily life.

Continued counseling allows regular therapy sessions to help individuals work through challenges and reinforce the skills learned during treatment. Personalized relapse prevention strategies, including identifying triggers, managing cravings, and adopting healthy coping mechanisms, are essential for maintaining progress.

Getting Help for Addiction Recovery

Synthetic marijuana, though marketed as a “safe” or “legal” alternative to natural cannabis, poses serious health risks. The uncontrolled and often illegal manufacturing of synthetic cannabinoids means they can be contaminated with dangerous substances.

Reports have surfaced of products laced with rat poison, leading to cases of severe bleeding and even deaths. Addiction prevention and recovery from synthetic marijuana addiction is possible with education and treatment, including detox, therapy, and ongoing aftercare.

If you or someone you know is struggling with synthetic marijuana use, take the first step and reach out to a local rehab center.

People Also Ask

Is spice legal?

Spice is illegal in many countries, including the U.S., where it’s classified as a Schedule I substance due to health risks. However, producers often alter ingredients to bypass legal restrictions.

What does spice look like?

Spice typically appears as dried plant material, similar to potpourri or herbs, and is often sprayed with synthetic chemicals. It’s usually sold in small, colorful foil packages labeled “herbal incense.”

How long does synthetic marijuana stay in your system?

Synthetic cannabinoids can stay in the system from 1 to 3 days for casual users, but heavy, frequent use may result in detection times up to several weeks in urine tests.

Page Sources

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